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A mixed graph in which both directed and undirected edges may exist. If only directed edges exist, the graph is called a directed graph. If only undirected edges exist, it is ...

A collection of moves together with a corresponding set of weights which are followed probabilistically in the playing of a game. The minimax theorem of game theory states ...

A tensor having contravariant and covariant indices.

The mixtilinear triangle is the triangle connecting the centers of the mixtilinear incircles. It has trilinear vertex matrix (1) In has area (2) where Delta is the area of ...

A mental device used to aid memorization. Common mnemonics for mathematical constants such as e and pi consist of sentences in which the number of letters in each word give ...

A well-formed formula B is said to be true for the interpretation M (written |=_MB) iff every sequence in Sigma (the set of all denumerable sequences of elements of the ...

Model completion is a term employed when existential closure is successful. The formation of the complex numbers, and the move from affine to projective geometry, are ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')+alpha(x)y^'+x^2y^n=0.

Given a elliptic modulus k in an elliptic integral, the modular angle alpha is defined by k=sinalpha. An elliptic integral is written I(phi|m) when the parameter m is used, ...

Let q be a positive integer, then Gamma_0(q) is defined as the set of all matrices [a b; c d] in the modular group Gamma Gamma with c=0 (mod q). Gamma_0(q) is a subgroup of ...