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A direct search method of optimization that works moderately well for stochastic problems. It is based on evaluating a function at the vertices of a simplex, then iteratively ...

The polar sine is a function of a vertex angle of an n-dimensional parallelotope or simplex. If the content of the parallelotope is P and the lengths of the n edges of the ...

Determination of whether predicate P(x_1,...,x_n) is true or false for any given values of x_1, ..., x_n is called its decision problem. The decision problem for predicate ...

A secant line, also simply called a secant, is a line passing through two points of a curve. As the two points are brought together (or, more precisely, as one is brought ...

A piecewise polynomial function that can have a locally very simple form, yet at the same time be globally flexible and smooth. Splines are very useful for modeling arbitrary ...

A transformation T (a.k.a., map, function) over a domain D takes the elements X in D to elements Y in T(D), where the range (a.k.a., image) of T is defined as ...

Given the generating functions defined by (1+53x+9x^2)/(1-82x-82x^2+x^3) = sum_(n=1)^(infty)a_nx^n (1) (2-26x-12x^2)/(1-82x-82x^2+x^3) = sum_(n=0)^(infty)b_nx^n (2) ...

Gamma functions of argument 2z can be expressed in terms of gamma functions of smaller arguments. From the definition of the beta function, ...

A d-dimensional discrete percolation model on a regular point lattice L=L^d is said to be oriented if L is an oriented lattice. One common such model takes place on the ...

Maximum likelihood, also called the maximum likelihood method, is the procedure of finding the value of one or more parameters for a given statistic which makes the known ...