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R. C. Read defined the anarboricity of a graph G as the maximum number of edge-disjoint nonacyclic (i.e., cyclic) subgraphs of G whose union is G (Harary and Palmer 1973, p. ...

A technique used by André (1887) to provide an elegant solution to the ballot problem (Hilton and Pederson 1991) and in study of Wiener processes (Doob 1953; Papoulis 1984, ...

In a game proposed by J. H. Conway, a devil chases an angel on an infinite chessboard. At each move, the devil can eliminate one of the squares, and the angel can make a leap ...

Given a point P and a line AB, draw the perpendicular through P and call it PC. Let PD be any other line from P which meets CB in D. In a hyperbolic geometry, as D moves off ...

A plane tiling is said to be isohedral if the symmetry group of the tiling acts transitively on the tiles, and n-isohedral if the tiles fall into n orbits under the action of ...

The region lying between two concentric circles. The area of the annulus formed by two circles of radii a and b (with a>b) is A_(annulus)=pi(a^2-b^2). The annulus is ...

The ant colony algorithm is an algorithm for finding optimal paths that is based on the behavior of ants searching for food. At first, the ants wander randomly. When an ant ...

An antelope graph (Jelliss 2019) is a graph formed by all possible moves of a hypothetical chess piece called an "antelope" which moves analogously to a knight except that it ...

Because even high-resolution computer monitors have a relatively small number of pixels, when graphics or text display distinguish between individual pixels. The result is ...

The anticomplement of a point P in a reference triangle DeltaABC is a point P^' satisfying the vector equation P^'G^->=2GP^->, (1) where G is the triangle centroid of ...