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Define a carefree couple as a pair of positive integers (a,b) such that a and b are relatively prime (i.e., GCD(a,b)=1) and a is squarefree. Similarly, define a strongly ...

A finite set of contraction maps w_i for i=1, 2, ..., N, each with a contractivity factor s<1, which map a compact metric space onto itself. It is the basis for fractal image ...

A test which always identifies prime numbers correctly, but may incorrectly identify a composite number as a prime.

A number theoretic character, also called a Dirichlet character (because Dirichlet first introduced them in his famous proof that every arithmetic progression with relatively ...

Just as many interesting integer sequences can be defined and their properties studied, it is often of interest to additionally determine which of their elements are prime. ...

Ai(z) and Ai^'(z) have zeros on the negative real axis only. Bi(z) and Bi^'(z) have zeros on the negative real axis and in the sector pi/3<|argz|<pi/2. The nth (real) roots ...

A perfect power is a number n of the form m^k, where m>1 is a positive integer and k>=2. If the prime factorization of n is n=p_1^(a_1)p_2^(a_2)...p_k^(a_k), then n is a ...

In April 1999, Ed Pegg conjectured on sci.math that there were only finitely many zerofree cubes, to which D. Hickerson responded with a counterexample. A few days later, Lew ...

The modified Lommel functions of the first and second kind give the solution to the Lommel differential equation with a minus sign in front of the linear term, i.e., ...

Stratton (1935), Chu and Stratton (1941), and Rhodes (1970) define the spheroidal functions as those solutions of the differential equation (1) that remain finite at the ...