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A "visual representation" number which is a sum of some simple function of its digits. For example, 1233 = 12^2+33^2 (1) 2661653 = 1653^2-266^2 (2) 221859 = 22^3+18^3+59^3 ...

A figurate number of the form g_n=2n-1 giving the area of the square gnomon obtained by removing a square of side n-1 from a square of side n, g_n = n^2-(n-1)^2 (1) = 2n-1. ...

Algebraic number theory is the branch of number theory that deals with algebraic numbers. Historically, algebraic number theory developed as a set of tools for solving ...

A congruent number can be defined as an integer that is equal to the area of a rational right triangle (Koblitz 1993). Numbers (a,x,y,z,t) such that {x^2+ay^2=z^2; ...

Sequences of integers generated in the Collatz problem. For example, for a starting number of 7, the sequence is 7, 22, 11, 34, 17, 52, 26, 13, 40, 20, 10, 5, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1, ...

The term "natural number" refers either to a member of the set of positive integers 1, 2, 3, ... (OEIS A000027) or to the set of nonnegative integers 0, 1, 2, 3, ... (OEIS ...

The ratio C of the largest to smallest singular value in the singular value decomposition of a matrix. The base-b logarithm of C is an estimate of how many base-b digits are ...

A link invariant defined for a two-component oriented link as the sum of +1 crossings and -1 crossing over all crossings between the two links divided by 2. For components ...

The number of cells in a generalized Chinese checkers board (or "centered" hexagram). Unlike the polygonal numbers, there is ambiguity in the case of the star numbers as to ...

Bonato et al. (2014, 2015) defined the burning number of a simple graph as follows. Consider a process called burning involving are discrete time steps. Each node is either ...