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The Lotka-Volterra equations describe an ecological predator-prey (or parasite-host) model which assumes that, for a set of fixed positive constants A (the growth rate of ...

The norm of a mathematical object is a quantity that in some (possibly abstract) sense describes the length, size, or extent of the object. Norms exist for complex numbers ...

The polar sine is a function of a vertex angle of an n-dimensional parallelotope or simplex. If the content of the parallelotope is P and the lengths of the n edges of the ...

A quadratic form involving n real variables x_1, x_2, ..., x_n associated with the n×n matrix A=a_(ij) is given by Q(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=a_(ij)x_ix_j, (1) where Einstein ...

The field of all rational and irrational numbers is called the real numbers, or simply the "reals," and denoted R. The set of real numbers is also called the continuum, ...

A sequent is an expression Gamma|-Lambda, where Gamma and Lambda are (possibly empty) sequences of formulas. Here, Gamma is called the antecedent and Lambda is called the ...

Consider a game, first proposed by Nicolaus Bernoulli, in which a player bets on how many tosses of a coin will be needed before it first turns up heads. The player pays a ...

A symmetric polynomial on n variables x_1, ..., x_n (also called a totally symmetric polynomial) is a function that is unchanged by any permutation of its variables. In other ...

The difference between the measured or inferred value of a quantity x_0 and its actual value x, given by Deltax=x_0-x (sometimes with the absolute value taken) is called the ...

A statistic defined to improve the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in the tail of a distribution.