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The variation of a function which exhibits slope changes, also called the saltus of a function. A series may also oscillate, causing it not to converge.

A positive definite function f on a group G is a function for which the matrix {f(x_ix_j^(-1))} is always positive semidefinite Hermitian.

A function f(x_1,...,x_n) of one or more variables whose range is one-dimensional, as compared to a vector function, whose range is three-dimensional (or, in general, ...

In set theory, a unary operation on set A is a function A->A. More generally, a unary operation is a function with exactly one operand, such as the factorial, square root, or ...

The plots above show the values of the function obtained by taking the natural logarithm of the gamma function, lnGamma(z). Note that this introduces complicated branch cut ...

A function f defined on a subset S subset R^n is said to be pseudoconcave if -f is pseudoconvex.

The dilogarithm Li_2(z) is a special case of the polylogarithm Li_n(z) for n=2. Note that the notation Li_2(x) is unfortunately similar to that for the logarithmic integral ...

The polylogarithm Li_n(z), also known as the Jonquière's function, is the function Li_n(z)=sum_(k=1)^infty(z^k)/(k^n) (1) defined in the complex plane over the open unit ...

J_n(x)=1/piint_0^picos(ntheta-xsintheta)dtheta, where J_n(x) is a Bessel function of the first kind.

Let a general theta function be defined as T(x,q)=sum_(n=-infty)^inftyx^nq^(n^2), then