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erf(z) is the "error function" encountered in integrating the normal distribution (which is a normalized form of the Gaussian function). It is an entire function defined by ...

where R[nu]>-1, |argp|<pi/4, and a, b>0, J_nu(z) is a Bessel function of the first kind, and I_nu(z) is a modified Bessel function of the first kind.

A function f(x) is said to be nondecreasing on an interval I if f(b)>=f(a) for all b>a, where a,b in I. Conversely, a function f(x) is said to be nonincreasing on an interval ...

A function f(x) is said to be nonincreasing on an interval I if f(b)<=f(a) for all b>a, where a,b in I. Conversely, a function f(x) is said to be nondecreasing on an interval ...

Newton's method for finding roots of a complex polynomial f entails iterating the function z-[f(z)/f^'(z)], which can be viewed as applying the Euler backward method with ...

The angles mpi/n (with m,n integers) for which the trigonometric functions may be expressed in terms of finite root extraction of real numbers are limited to values of m ...

A function is a relation that uniquely associates members of one set with members of another set. More formally, a function from A to B is an object f such that every a in A ...

The odd divisor function sigma_k^((o))(n)=sum_(d|n; d odd)d^k (1) is the sum of kth powers of the odd divisors of a number n. It is the analog of the divisor function for odd ...

J_m(x)=(2x^(m-n))/(2^(m-n)Gamma(m-n))int_0^1J_n(xt)t^(n+1)(1-t^2)^(m-n-1)dt, where J_m(x) is a Bessel function of the first kind and Gamma(x) is the gamma function.

The regularized beta function is defined by I(z;a,b)=(B(z;a,b))/(B(a,b)), where B(z;a,b) is the incomplete beta function and B(a,b) is the (complete) beta function. The ...