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The term "closure" has various meanings in mathematics. The topological closure of a subset A of a topological space X is the smallest closed subset of X containing A. If R ...

A Colbert number is any prime number with more than 1000000 decimal digits whose discovery contributes to the long-sought after proof that k=78557 is the smallest Sierpiński ...

The composite number problem asks if for a given positive integer N there exist positive integers m and n such that N=mn. The complexity of the composite number problem was ...

Given two crossed ladders resting against two buildings, what is the distance between the buildings? Let the height at which they cross be h and the lengths of the ladders ...

The point on the positive ray of the normal vector at a distance rho(s), where rho is the radius of curvature. It is given by z = x+rhoN (1) = x+rho^2(dT)/(ds), (2) where N ...

C_7 is the cyclic group that is the unique group of group order 7. Examples include the point group C_7 and the integers modulo 7 under addition (Z_7). No modulo ...

The equation x^p=1, where solutions zeta_k=e^(2piik/p) are the roots of unity sometimes called de Moivre numbers. Gauss showed that the cyclotomic equation can be reduced to ...

The word "degree" has many meanings in mathematics. The most common meaning is the unit of angle measure defined such that an entire rotation is 360 degrees. This unit harks ...

A delay differential equation (also called a differential delay equation or difference-differential equation, although the latter term has a different meaning in the modern ...

If A=(a_(ij)) is a diagonal matrix, then Q(v)=v^(T)Av=suma_(ii)v_i^2 (1) is a diagonal quadratic form, and Q(v,w)=v^(T)Aw is its associated diagonal symmetric bilinear form. ...