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If a function f(x) is continuous on a closed interval [a,b], then f(x) has both a maximum and a minimum on [a,b]. If f(x) has an extremum on an open interval (a,b), then the ...

An extremum is a maximum or minimum. An extremum may be local (a.k.a. a relative extremum; an extremum in a given region which is not the overall maximum or minimum) or ...

A continuous statistical distribution which arises in the testing of whether two observed samples have the same variance. Let chi_m^2 and chi_n^2 be independent variates ...

A subset F subset R of the real numbers is said to be an F_sigma set provided F is the countable union of closed sets. The name F_sigma comes from French: The F stands for ...

In a given acute triangle DeltaABC, find the inscribed triangle whose perimeter is as small as possible. The answer is the orthic triangle of DeltaABC. The problem was ...

A variation of chess involving a change in the form of the board, the rules of play, or the pieces used. For example, the normal rules of chess can be used but with a ...

A functor is said to be faithful if it is injective on maps. This does not necessarily imply injectivity on objects. For example, the forgetful functor from the category of ...

A module M over a unit ring R is called faithfully flat if the tensor product functor - tensor _RM is exact and faithful. A faithfully flat module is always flat and ...

Euler (1738, 1753) considered the series s_a(x)=sum_(n=1)^infty[1/(1-a^n)product_(k=0)^(n-1)(1-xa^(-k))]. He showed that just like log_a(a^n)=n, s_a(a^n)=n for nonnegative ...

The far-out point F of a triangle DeltaABC is the inverse point of the triangle centroid with respect to the circumcircle of DeltaABC. For a triangle with side lengths a, b, ...