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By the definition of the functions of trigonometry, the sine of pi/2 is equal to the y-coordinate of the point with polar coordinates (r,theta)=(1,pi/2), giving sin(pi/2)=1. ...

Begin with the Yff central triangle and then parallel-displace the isoscelizers in such a way as to reduce the central triangle to a point while keeping the other three ...

The Killing form is an inner product on a finite dimensional Lie algebra g defined by B(X,Y)=Tr(ad(X)ad(Y)) (1) in the adjoint representation, where ad(X) is the adjoint ...

An orthogonal transformation is a linear transformation T:V->V which preserves a symmetric inner product. In particular, an orthogonal transformation (technically, an ...

The permutation tensor, also called the Levi-Civita tensor or isotropic tensor of rank 3 (Goldstein 1980, p. 172), is a pseudotensor which is antisymmetric under the ...

Two square matrices A and B that are related by B=X^(-1)AX, (1) where X is a square nonsingular matrix are said to be similar. A transformation of the form X^(-1)AX is called ...

If y has period 2pi, y^' is L^2, and int_0^(2pi)ydx=0, (1) then int_0^(2pi)y^2dx<int_0^(2pi)y^('2)dx (2) unless y=Acosx+Bsinx (3) (Hardy et al. 1988). Another inequality ...

Linear Algebra

Eigenvectors are a special set of vectors associated with a linear system of equations (i.e., a matrix equation) that are sometimes also known as characteristic vectors, ...

Kobon Fujimura asked for the largest number N(n) of nonoverlapping triangles that can be constructed using n lines (Gardner 1983, p. 170). A Kobon triangle is therefore ...