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For a particular format in the IEEE 754-2008 framework, a subnormal number is a nonzero floating-point number with magnitude less than the magnitude of that formatÕs smallest ...

A sphere with a single cross-cap. This term is more appropriate in purely topological applications than the more common term real projective plane, which implies the presence ...

A surface given by the parametric equations x(u,v) = u (1) y(u,v) = v (2) z(u,v) = 1/3u^3+uv^2+2(u^2-v^2). (3) The handkerchief surface has stationary points summarized in ...

A Hasse diagram is a graphical rendering of a partially ordered set displayed via the cover relation of the partially ordered set with an implied upward orientation. A point ...

According to most authors (e.g., Kelley 1955, p. 113; McCarty 1967, p. 144; Willard 1970, p. 92) a regular space is a topological space in which every neighborhood of a point ...

A hexagon tiling is a tiling of the plane by identical hexagons. The regular hexagon forms a regular tessellation, also called a hexagonal grid, illustrated above. There are ...

A plane curve discovered by Maclaurin but first studied in detail by Cayley. The name Cayley's sextic is due to R. C. Archibald, who attempted to classify curves in a paper ...

A graph is planar if it can be drawn in a plane without graph edges crossing (i.e., it has graph crossing number 0). The number of planar graphs with n=1, 2, ... nodes are 1, ...

In the IEEE 754-2008 standard (referred to as IEEE 754 henceforth), NaN (or "not a number") is a symbolic floating-point representation which is neither a signed infinity nor ...

From the point of view of coordinate charts, the notion of tangent space is quite simple. The tangent space consists of all directions, or velocities, a particle can take. In ...