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The series for the inverse tangent, tan^(-1)x=x-1/3x^3+1/5x^5+.... Plugging in x=1 gives Gregory's formula 1/4pi=1-1/3+1/5-1/7+1/9-.... This series is intimately connected ...

A roll of 4 on a pair of six-sided dice in the game of craps (Gardner 1978, p. 256). The probability of rolling "a little Joe" is 1/12, or 8.333...%. A roll of "4 the hard ...

The minimal enclosing circle problem, sometimes also known as the bomb problem, is the problem of finding the circle of smallest radius that contains a given set of points in ...

The network flow problem considers a graph G with a set of sources S and sinks T and for which each edge has an assigned capacity (weight), and then asks to find the maximum ...

A octagrammic prism is a prism formed by two regular octagrams offset along their symmetry axis and with corresponding edges connected by lateral faces. For an equilateral ...

The orthogonal complement of a subspace V of the vector space R^n is the set of vectors which are orthogonal to all elements of V. For example, the orthogonal complement of ...

A group that coincides with its commutator subgroup. If G is a non-Abelian group, its commutator subgroup is a normal subgroup other than the trivial group. It follows that ...

int_0^z(t^mu)/(1+t)dt=z/(mu+1+((mu+1)^2z)/((mu+2)-(mu+1)z+((mu+2)^2z)/((mu+3)-(mu+2)z+...))) for mu>-1 and -1<z<=1 (Perron 1954-1957, p. 18; Borwein et al. 2004, p. 35).

A knot equivalent to a polygon in R^3, also called a tame knot. For a polygonal knot K, there exists a plane such that the orthogonal projection pi on it satisfies the ...

A polyhedron constructed by ruling 2n equally spaced vertical lines along the surface of a cylinder together with 2n^3 circles around the cylinder at equally spaced heights. ...