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A topological space decomposes into its connected components. The connectedness relation between two pairs of points satisfies transitivity, i.e., if a∼b and b∼c then a∼c. ...

A connected set is a set that cannot be partitioned into two nonempty subsets which are open in the relative topology induced on the set. Equivalently, it is a set which ...

A convex function is a continuous function whose value at the midpoint of every interval in its domain does not exceed the arithmetic mean of its values at the ends of the ...

Consider a convex plane curve K with perimeter L, and the set of points P exterior to K. Further, let t_1 and t_2 be the perpendicular distances from P to K (with ...

Let M^n be an n-manifold and let F={F_alpha} denote a partition of M^n into disjoint pathwise-connected subsets. Then F is called a foliation of M^n of codimension c (with ...

The Heine-Borel theorem states that a subspace of R^n (with the usual topology) is compact iff it is closed and bounded. The Heine-Borel theorem can be proved using the ...

A property that passes from a topological space to every subspace with respect to the relative topology. Examples are first and second countability, metrizability, the ...

Let {f_n(x)} be a sequence of analytic functions regular in a region G, and let this sequence be uniformly convergent in every closed subset of G. If the analytic function ...

Mergelyan's theorem can be stated as follows (Krantz 1999). Let K subset= C be compact and suppose C^*\K has only finitely many connected components. If f in C(K) is ...

The midcircle of two given circles is the circle which would invert the circles into each other. Dixon (1991) gives constructions for the midcircle for four of the five ...