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Given a Jacobi theta function, the nome is defined as q(k) = e^(piitau) (1) = e^(-piK^'(k)/K(k)) (2) = e^(-piK(sqrt(1-k^2))/K(k)) (3) (Borwein and Borwein 1987, pp. 41, 109 ...

A short mnemonic for remembering the first seven decimal digits of pi is "How I wish I could calculate pi" (C. Heckman, pers. comm., Feb. 3, 2005). Eight digits are given by ...

A polygonal number is a type of figurate number that is a generalization of triangular, square, etc., to an n-gon for n an arbitrary positive integer. The above diagrams ...

Let M be a compact n-dimensional manifold with injectivity radius inj(M). Then Vol(M)>=(c_ninj(M))/pi, with equality iff M is isometric to the standard round sphere S^n with ...

Let V!=(0) be a finite dimensional vector space over the complex numbers, and let A be a linear operator on V. Then V can be expressed as a direct sum of cyclic subspaces.

E. Pegg Jr. (pers. comm., Nov. 8, 2004) found an approximation to Apéry's constant zeta(3) given by zeta(3) approx 10+zeta(16)-sqrt(96), (1) which is good to 6 digits. M. ...

A method for finding roots which defines P_j(x)=(P(x))/((x-x_1)...(x-x_j)), (1) so the derivative is (2) One step of Newton's method can then be written as ...

The word residue is used in a number of different contexts in mathematics. Two of the most common uses are the complex residue of a pole, and the remainder of a congruence. ...

The vector triple product identity is also known as the BAC-CAB identity, and can be written in the form Ax(BxC) = B(A·C)-C(A·B) (1) (AxB)xC = -Cx(AxB) (2) = -A(B·C)+B(A·C). ...

A sum is the result of an addition. For example, adding 1, 2, 3, and 4 gives the sum 10, written 1+2+3+4=10. (1) The numbers being summed are called addends, or sometimes ...