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The azimuthal coordinate on the surface of a sphere (theta in spherical coordinates) or on a spheroid (in prolate or oblate spheroidal coordinates). Longitude is defined such ...

The smallest radial distance of an ellipse as measured from a focus. Taking v=0 in the equation of an ellipse r=(a(1-e^2))/(1+ecosv) gives the periapsis distance r_-=a(1-e). ...

A distance g on a set that fulfils the same properties as a metric except relaxes the definition to allow the distance between two different points to be zero. An example of ...

A shortest path between two vertices of a graph is a graph path of shortest possible length between them. Such paths are also known as graph geodesics, and the matrix giving ...

The Wormald graph is a unit-distance 4-chromatic graph with girth 5 on 13+5(13; 5)=6448 vertices.

The 120-cell is a finite regular four-dimensional polytope with Schläfli symbol {5,3,3}. It is also known as the hyperdodecahedron or hecatonicosachoron, and is composed of ...

The 600-cell is the finite regular four-dimensional polytope with Schläfli symbol {3,3,5}. It is also known as the hypericosahedron or hexacosichoron. It is composed of 600 ...

The Reuleaux tetrahedron, sometimes also called the spherical tetrahedron, is the three-dimensional solid common to four spheres of equal radius placed so that the center of ...

A curve of constant width constructed by drawing arcs from each polygon vertex of an equilateral triangle between the other two vertices. The Reuleaux triangle has the ...

Generally speaking, a Green's function is an integral kernel that can be used to solve differential equations from a large number of families including simpler examples such ...