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In French and German usage, one milliard equals 10^9=1000000000. American usage does not have a number called the milliard, instead using the term billion to denote 10^9. ...

Consider a convex pentagon and extend the sides to a pentagram. Externally to the pentagon, there are five triangles. Construct the five circumcircles. Each pair of adjacent ...

Let any finite or infinite set of points having no finite limit point be prescribed and associate with each of its points a principal part, i.e., a rational function of the ...

The theorem of Möbius tetrads, also simply called Möbius's theorem by Baker (1925, p. 18), may be stated as follows. Let P_1, P_2, P_3, and P_4 be four arbitrary points in a ...

The word multiplicity is a general term meaning "the number of values for which a given condition holds." For example, the term is used to refer to the value of the totient ...

A noble number nu is defined as an irrational number having a continued fraction that becomes an infinite sequence of 1s at some point, nu=[0,a_1,a_2,...,a_n,1^_]. The ...

An auxiliary latitude also called the reduced latitude and denoted eta or theta. It gives the latitude on a sphere of radius a for which the parallel has the same radius as ...

Let f:R×R->R be a one-parameter family of C^3 maps satisfying f(-x,mu)=-f(x,mu) (1) (partialf)/(partialx)|_(mu=0, x=0)=0 (2) (partial^2f)/(partialxpartialmu)|_(mu=0, x=0)>0 ...

The unique nonnegative square root of a nonnegative real number. For example, the principal square root of 9 is 3, although both -3 and 3 are square roots of 9. The concept ...

A number of the form +/-sqrt(a), where a is a positive rational number which is not the square of another rational number is called a pure quadratic surd. A number of the ...