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The helm graph H_n is the graph obtained from an n-wheel graph by adjoining a pendant edge at each node of the cycle. Helm graphs are graceful (Gallian 2018), with the odd ...

A hex number, also called a centered hexagonal number, is given by H_n = 1+6T_n (1) = 3n^2+3n+1, (2) where T_n=n(n+1)/2 is the nth triangular number and the indexing with ...

The Jacobsthal numbers are the numbers obtained by the U_ns in the Lucas sequence with P=1 and Q=-2, corresponding to a=2 and b=-1. They and the Jacobsthal-Lucas numbers (the ...

A k×n Latin rectangle is a k×n matrix with elements a_(ij) in {1,2,...,n} such that entries in each row and column are distinct. If k=n, the special case of a Latin square ...

Legendre-Gauss quadrature is a numerical integration method also called "the" Gaussian quadrature or Legendre quadrature. A Gaussian quadrature over the interval [-1,1] with ...

The Lucas-Lehmer test is an efficient deterministic primality test for determining if a Mersenne number M_n is prime. Since it is known that Mersenne numbers can only be ...

An NSW number (named after Newman, Shanks, and Williams) is an integer m that solves the Diophantine equation 2n^2=m^2+1. (1) In other words, the NSW numbers m index the ...

An involution of a set S is a permutation of S which does not contain any permutation cycles of length >2 (i.e., it consists exclusively of fixed points and transpositions). ...

The Pierce expansion, or alternated Egyptian product, of a real number 0<x<1 is the unique increasing sequence {a_1,a_2,...} of positive integers a_i such that ...

A power series in a variable z is an infinite sum of the form sum_(i=0)^inftya_iz^i, where a_i are integers, real numbers, complex numbers, or any other quantities of a given ...