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A test used to determine the statistical significance of an observation. Two main types of error can occur: 1. A type I error occurs when a false negative result is obtained ...

A generalization of the p-adic norm first proposed by Kürschák in 1913. A valuation |·| on a field K is a function from K to the real numbers R such that the following ...

A function f(x) is absolutely monotonic in the interval a<x<b if it has nonnegative derivatives of all orders in the region, i.e., f^((k))(x)>=0 (1) for a<x<b and k=0, 1, 2, ...

The set A^2 of all ordered pairs of complex numbers.

In the archaic terminology of Whittaker and Watson (1990), the complex number z representing x+iy.

A map projection. The inverse equations for phi are computed by iteration. Let the angle of the projection plane be theta_b. Define a={0 for theta_b=1/2pi; ...

Alpha is the name for the first letter in the Greek alphabet: alpha. In finance, alpha is a financial measure giving the difference between a fund's actual return and its ...

An expression is said to be ambiguous (or poorly defined) if its definition does not assign it a unique interpretation or value. An expression which is not ambiguous is said ...

The term "amplitude" is used to refer to the magnitude of an oscillation, so the amplitude of the sinusoid y=Asin(omegat) is |A|, where |A| is the absolute value of A. The ...

A function f(x) is said to be antiperiodic with antiperiod p if -f(x)=f(x+np) for n=1, 3, .... For example, the sine function sinx is antiperiodic with period pi (as well as ...