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A global field is either a number field, a function field on an algebraic curve, or an extension of transcendence degree one over a finite field. From a modern point of view, ...

The gnomonic projection is a nonconformal map projection obtained by projecting points P_1 (or P_2) on the surface of sphere from a sphere's center O to point P in a plane ...

The Gosper island (Mandelbrot 1977), also known as a flowsnake (Gardner 1989, p. 41), is a fractal that is a modification of the Koch snowflake. The term "Gosper island" was ...

The term "gradient" has several meanings in mathematics. The simplest is as a synonym for slope. The more general gradient, called simply "the" gradient in vector analysis, ...

There exists no known P algorithm for graph isomorphism testing, although the problem has also not been shown to be NP-complete. In fact, the problem of identifying ...

A group action G×Omega->Omega might preserve a special kind of partition of Omega called a system of blocks. A block is a subset Delta of Omega such that for any group ...

Let f be an entire function of finite order lambda and {a_j} the zeros of f, listed with multiplicity, then the rank p of f is defined as the least positive integer such that ...

The Hadamard product is a representation for the Riemann zeta function zeta(s) as a product over its nontrivial zeros rho, ...

A root-finding algorithm also known as the tangent hyperbolas method or Halley's rational formula. As in Halley's irrational formula, take the second-order Taylor series ...

The word "harmonic" has several distinct meanings in mathematics, none of which is obviously related to the others. Simple harmonic motion or "harmonic oscillation" refers to ...