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LCF notation is a concise and convenient notation devised by Joshua Lederberg (winner of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine) for the representation of cubic ...

The Catalan numbers on nonnegative integers n are a set of numbers that arise in tree enumeration problems of the type, "In how many ways can a regular n-gon be divided into ...

The Loupekine snarks are the two snarks on 22 vertices and 33 edges illustrated above. They are implemented in the Wolfram Language as GraphData["LoupekineSnark1"] and ...

The length is the longest dimension of an object.

A number of strongly regular graphs of several types derived from combinatorial design were identified by Goethals and Seidel (1970). Theorem 2.4 of Goethals and Seidel ...

There are several equivalent definitions of a closed set. Let S be a subset of a metric space. A set S is closed if 1. The complement of S is an open set, 2. S is its own set ...

The Szekeres snark was the fifth snark discovered, illustrated above. It has 50 vertices and edge chromatic number 4.

The Celmins-Swart snarks are the two snarks on 26 vertices and 39 edges illustrated above. They are implemented in the Wolfram Language as GraphData["CelminsSwartSnark1"] and ...

The characteristic polynomial is the polynomial left-hand side of the characteristic equation det(A-lambdaI)=0, (1) where A is a square matrix and I is the identity matrix of ...

A fork of a tree T is a node of T which is the endpoint of two or more branches.