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A dot plot, also called a dot chart, is a type of simple histogram-like chart used in statistics for relatively small data sets where values fall into a number of discrete ...

An estimate is an educated guess for an unknown quantity or outcome based on known information. The making of estimates is an important part of statistics, since care is ...

A continuous statistical distribution which arises in the testing of whether two observed samples have the same variance. Let chi_m^2 and chi_n^2 be independent variates ...

Fischer's z-distribution is the general distribution defined by g(z)=(2n_1^(n_1/2)n_2^(n_2/2))/(B((n_1)/2,(n_2)/2))(e^(n_1z))/((n_1e^(2z)+n_2)^((n_1+n_2)/2)) (1) (Kenney and ...

The grouping of data into bins (spaced apart by the so-called class interval) plotting the number of members in each bin versus the bin number. The above histogram shows the ...

A univariate distribution proportional to the F-distribution. If the vector d is Gaussian multivariate-distributed with zero mean and unit covariance matrix N_p(0,I) and M is ...

A hypothesis is a proposition that is consistent with known data, but has been neither verified nor shown to be false. In statistics, a hypothesis (sometimes called a ...

A quantity used to test nested hypotheses. Let H^' be a nested hypothesis with n^' degrees of freedom within H (which has n degrees of freedom), then calculate the maximum ...

MANOVA ("multiple analysis of variance") is a procedure for testing the equality of mean vectors of more than two populations. The technique is analogous to ANOVA for ...

Maximum likelihood, also called the maximum likelihood method, is the procedure of finding the value of one or more parameters for a given statistic which makes the known ...