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The game of billiards is played on a rectangular table (known as a billiard table) upon which balls are placed. One ball (the "cue ball") is then struck with the end of a ...

The nth central binomial coefficient is defined as (2n; n) = ((2n)!)/((n!)^2) (1) = (2^n(2n-1)!!)/(n!), (2) where (n; k) is a binomial coefficient, n! is a factorial, and n!! ...

Combinatorics is the branch of mathematics studying the enumeration, combination, and permutation of sets of elements and the mathematical relations that characterize their ...

The generalized minimal residual (GMRES) method (Saad and Schultz 1986) is an extension of the minimal residual method (MINRES), which is only applicable to symmetric ...

Kontsevich's integral is a far-reaching generalization of the Gauss integral for the linking number, and provides a tool to construct the universal Vassiliev invariant of a ...

An n×n Latin square is a Latin rectangle with k=n. Specifically, a Latin square consists of n sets of the numbers 1 to n arranged in such a way that no orthogonal (row or ...

The M_(22) graph, also known as the 77-graph, is a strongly regular graph on 77 nodes related to the Mathieu group M_(22) and to the Witt design. It is illustrated above in ...

The term Mandelbrot set is used to refer both to a general class of fractal sets and to a particular instance of such a set. In general, a Mandelbrot set marks the set of ...

A matrix is a concise and useful way of uniquely representing and working with linear transformations. In particular, every linear transformation can be represented by a ...

Roughly speaking, the metric tensor g_(ij) is a function which tells how to compute the distance between any two points in a given space. Its components can be viewed as ...