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The first group isomorphism theorem, also known as the fundamental homomorphism theorem, states that if phi:G->H is a group homomorphism, then Ker(phi)⊴G and ...

The Fischer groups are the three sporadic groups Fi_(22), Fi_(23), and Fi_(24)^'. These groups were discovered during the investigation of 3-transposition groups. The Fischer ...

The forward difference is a finite difference defined by Deltaa_n=a_(n+1)-a_n. (1) Higher order differences are obtained by repeated operations of the forward difference ...

The Foster cage is one of the four (5,5)-cage graphs. Like the other (5,5)-cages, the Foster cage has 30 nodes. It has 75 edges, diameter 3, girth 5, chromatic number 4, and ...

The fractional derivative of f(t) of order mu>0 (if it exists) can be defined in terms of the fractional integral D^(-nu)f(t) as D^muf(t)=D^m[D^(-(m-mu))f(t)], (1) where m is ...

Denote the nth derivative D^n and the n-fold integral D^(-n). Then D^(-1)f(t)=int_0^tf(xi)dxi. (1) Now, if the equation D^(-n)f(t)=1/((n-1)!)int_0^t(t-xi)^(n-1)f(xi)dxi (2) ...

The frame bundle on a Riemannian manifold M is a principal bundle. Over every point p in M, the Riemannian metric determines the set of orthonormal frames, i.e., the possible ...

A friendly number is a number that is a member of a friendly pair or a higher-order friendly n-tuple. Numbers that are not friendly are said to be solitary. There are some ...

A prime p for which 1/p has a maximal period decimal expansion of p-1 digits. Full reptend primes are sometimes also called long primes (Conway and Guy 1996, pp. 157-163 and ...

The Galton board, also known as a quincunx or bean machine, is a device for statistical experiments named after English scientist Sir Francis Galton. It consists of an ...