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The term rectification is sometimes used to refer to the determination of the length of a curve. Rectification also refers to the operation which converts the midpoints of ...

Given a commutative unit ring R and a filtration F:... subset= I_2 subset= I_1 subset= I_0=R (1) of ideals of R, the Rees ring of R with respect to F is R_+(F)=I_0 direct sum ...

The Reynolds transport theorem, also called simply the Reynolds theorem, is an important result in fluid mechanics that's often considered a three-dimensional analog of the ...

Robertson's apex graph is the 15-vertex graph illustrated above constructed by Neil Robertson as an example of an apex graph that is not YDeltaY-reducible. The graph may be ...

A scale-free network is a connected graph or network with the property that the number of links k originating from a given node exhibits a power law distribution ...

The score function u(theta) is the partial derivativeof the log-likelihood function F(theta)=lnL(theta), where L(theta) is the standard likelihood function. Defining the ...

Let X be a set and S a collection of subsets of X. A subset A subset X is shattered by S if each subset B subset A of A can be expressed as the intersection of A with a ...

A sheaf is a presheaf with "something" added allowing us to define things locally. This task is forbidden for presheaves in general. Specifically, a presheaf F on a ...

A two-component complex column vector. Spinors can describe both bosons and fermions, while tensors can describe only bosons.

Squarefree factorization is a first step in many factoring algorithms. It factors nonsquarefree polynomials in terms of squarefree factors that are relatively prime. It can ...