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The unique magic square of order three. The Lo Shu is an associative magic square, but not a panmagic square.

A two-dimensional affine geometry constructed over a finite field. For a field F of size n, the affine plane consists of the set of points which are ordered pairs of elements ...

The partial order width of a set P is equal to the minimum number of chains needed to cover P. Equivalently, if a set P of ab+1 elements is partially ordered, then P contains ...

Let H be a heptagon with seven vertices given in cyclic order inscribed in a conic. Then the Pascal lines of the seven hexagons obtained by omitting each vertex of H in turn ...

Let (A,<=) be a well ordered set. Then the set {a in A:a<k} for some k in A is called an initial segment of A (Rubin 1967, p. 161; Dauben 1990, pp. 196-197; Moore 1982, pp. ...

A monotone triangle (also called a strict Gelfand pattern or a gog triangle) of order n is a number triangle with n numbers along each side and the base containing entries ...

Let (A,<=) and (B,<=) be totally ordered sets. Let C=A×B be the Cartesian product and define order as follows. For any a_1,a_2 in A and b_1,b_2 in B, 1. If a_1<a_2, then ...

Let theta be an irrational number, define S(theta)={c+dtheta:c,d in N}, and let c_n(theta)+thetad_n(theta) be the sequence obtained by arranging the elements of S(theta) in ...

In particle physics, a spinor field of order 2s describes a particle of spin s, where s is an integer or half-integer. Therefore, a spinor of order 4s contains as much ...

The Ramsey number R(m,n) gives the solution to the party problem, which asks the minimum number of guests R(m,n) that must be invited so that at least m will know each other ...