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Call a graph vertex m(a,b,c) a median of a graph G if it lies on all shortest paths between each pair of vertices (a,b), (b,a), and (c,a) in G. A median graph is then defined ...

A modification of Legendre's formula for the prime counting function pi(x). It starts with |_x_| = (1) where |_x_| is the floor function, P_2(x,a) is the number of integers ...

Mergelyan's theorem can be stated as follows (Krantz 1999). Let K subset= C be compact and suppose C^*\K has only finitely many connected components. If f in C(K) is ...

A statement about theorems. It usually gives a criterion for getting a new theorem from an old one, either by changing its objects according to a rule (duality principle), or ...

If a number fails Miller's primality test for some base a, it is not a prime. If the number passes, it may be a prime. A composite number passing Miller's test is called a ...

In French and German usage, one milliard equals 10^9=1000000000. American usage does not have a number called the milliard, instead using the term billion to denote 10^9. ...

Mills' constant can be defined as the least theta such that f_n=|_theta^(3^n)_| is prime for all positive integers n (Caldwell and Cheng 2005). The first few f_n for n=1, 2, ...

A minimal dominating set is a dominating set in a graph that is not a proper subset of any other dominating set. Every minimum dominating set is a minimal dominating set, but ...

A minimal vertex cover is an vertex cover of a graph that is not a proper subset of any other vertex cover. A minimal vertex cover corresponds to the complement of maximal ...

There are four fixed points (mod 1) of Minkowski's question mark function ?(x), namely x=0, 1/2, f and 1-f, where f<1/2 is a constant known as the Minkowski-Bower constant ...