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A d-dimensional discrete percolation model is said to be inhomogeneous if different graph edges (in the case of bond percolation models) or vertices (in the case of site ...

A 2-dimensional discrete percolation model is said to be mixed if both graph vertices and graph edges may be "blocked" from allowing fluid flow (i.e., closed in the sense of ...

Define a = d(u,v)d(w,x) (1) b = d(u,w)d(v,x) (2) c = d(u,x)d(v,w), (3) where u, v, w, and x are vertices of a graph and d(i,j) is the graph distance between vertices i and j. ...

There are (at least) two mathematical constants associated with Theodorus. The first Theodorus's constant is the elementary algebraic number sqrt(3), i.e., the square root of ...

The absolute difference of two numbers n_1 and n_2 is |n_1-n_2|, where the minus sign denotes subtraction and |x| denotes the absolute value.

A mathematical object S is said to be additively closed if a,b in S implies that a+b in S.

If a is an element of a field F over the prime field P, then the set of all rational functions of a with coefficients in P is a field derived from P by adjunction of a.

If a map f:G->G^' from a group G to a group G^' satisfies f(ab)=f(b)f(a) for all a,b in G, then f is said to be an antihomomorphism. Moreover, if G and G^' are isomorphic, ...

An operator * for which a*b=-b*a is said to be anticommutative.

For operators A^~ and B^~, the anticommutator is defined by {A^~,B^~}=A^~B^~+B^~A^~.