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A number puzzle in which a group of arithmetical operations has some or all of its digits replaced by letters or symbols, and where the original digits must be found. In such ...

A branch of game theory dealing with strategies to maximize the outcome of a given process in the face of uncertain conditions.

A diminished polyhedron is a polyhedron in which one or more groups of associated faces (such as those comprising the top of a pyramid or cupola in the case of a Johnson ...

An n×n matrix A is an elementary matrix if it differs from the n×n identity I_n by a single elementary row or column operation.

A number which can be specified implicitly or explicitly by exponential, logarithmic, and algebraic operations.

One of the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and integer (or rational) root extraction.

A member of the smallest algebraically closed subfield L of C which is closed under the exponentiation and logarithm operations.

Let p be prime and r = r_mp^m+...+r_1p+r_0 (0<=r_i<p) (1) k = k_mp^m+...+k_1p+k_0 (0<=k_i<p), (2) then (r; k)=product_(i=0)^m(r_i; k_i) (mod p). (3) This is proved in Fine ...

Let pi be a unitary representation of a group G on a separable Hilbert space, and let R(pi) be the smallest weakly closed algebra of bounded linear operators containing all ...

One of the operations exists exists (called the existential quantifier) or for all forall (called the universal quantifier, or sometimes, the general quantifier). However, ...