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Color each segment of a knot diagram using one of three colors. If 1. At any crossing, either the colors are all different or all the same, and 2. At least two colors are ...

If f(omega) is square integrable over the real omega-axis, then any one of the following implies the other two: 1. The Fourier transform F(t)=F_omega[f(omega)](t) is 0 for ...

A geometric implement discovered in a 19th century book, and whose inventor is unknown. It essentially consists of a semicircle, a segment SR which prolongs its diameter and ...

Tomography is the study of the reconstruction of two- and three-dimensional objects from one-dimensional slices. The Radon transform is an important tool in tomography. ...

A matrix for a round-robin tournament involving n players competing in n(n-1)/2 matches (no ties allowed) having entries a_(ij)={1 if player i defeats player j; -1 if player ...

A transposition graph G_n is a graph whose nodes correspond to permutations and edges to permutations that differ by exactly one transposition (Skiena 1990, p. 9, Clark ...

A tree is a mathematical structure that can be viewed as either a graph or as a data structure. The two views are equivalent, since a tree data structure contains not only a ...

A brute-force method of finding a divisor of an integer n by simply plugging in one or a set of integers and seeing if they divide n. Repeated application of trial division ...

A triangle-replaced graph T(G) is a cubic graph in which each vertex is replaced by a triangle graph such that each vertex of the triangle is connected to one of the ...

Let x and y be vectors. Then the triangle inequality is given by |x|-|y|<=|x+y|<=|x|+|y|. (1) Equivalently, for complex numbers z_1 and z_2, ...