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There are a number of functions in various branches of mathematics known as Riemann functions. Examples include the Riemann P-series, Riemann-Siegel functions, Riemann theta ...

Apply the 196-algorithm, which consists of taking any positive integer of two digits or more, reversing the digits, and adding to the original number. Now sum the two and ...

A shuffling algorithm used in a class of random number generators.

An integer m such that if p|m, then p^2|m, is called a powerful number. There are an infinite number of powerful numbers, and the first few are 1, 4, 8, 9, 16, 25, 27, 32, ...

666 is the occult "number of the beast," also called the "sign of the devil" (Wang 1994), associated in the Bible with the Antichrist. It has figured in many numerological ...

A rational number is a number that can be expressed as a fraction p/q where p and q are integers and q!=0. A rational number p/q is said to have numerator p and denominator ...

An algebraically soluble equation of odd prime degree which is irreducible in the natural field possesses either 1. Only a single real root, or 2. All real roots.

The study of number fields by embedding them in a local field is called local class field theory. Information about an equation in a local field may give information about ...

Let S(x) denote the number of positive integers not exceeding x which can be expressed as a sum of two squares (i.e., those n<=x such that the sum of squares function ...

The number of representations of n by k squares, allowing zeros and distinguishing signs and order, is denoted r_k(n). The special case k=2 corresponding to two squares is ...