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Let alpha(x) be a step function with the jump j(x)=(N; x)p^xq^(N-x) (1) at x=0, 1, ..., N, where p>0,q>0, and p+q=1. Then the Krawtchouk polynomial is defined by ...

In bispherical coordinates, Laplace's equation becomes (1) Attempt separation of variables by plugging in the trial solution f(u,v,phi)=sqrt(coshv-cosu)U(u)V(v)Psi(psi), (2) ...

The term "left factorial" is sometimes used to refer to the subfactorial !n, the first few values for n=1, 2, ... are 1, 3, 9, 33, 153, 873, 5913, ... (OEIS A007489). ...

An ordering for the Cartesian product × of any two sets A and B with order relations <A and <B, respectively, such that if (a_1,b_1) and (a_2,b_2) both belong to A×B, then ...

Consider a collection of diagonal matrices H_1,...,H_k, which span a subspace h. Then the ith eigenvalue, i.e., the ith entry along the diagonal, is a linear functional on h, ...

A linear algebraic group is a matrix group that is also an affine variety. In particular, its elements satisfy polynomial equations. The group operations are required to be ...

States that for a nondissipative Hamiltonian system, phase space density (the area between phase space contours) is constant. This requires that, given a small time increment ...

The log sine function, also called the logsine function, is defined by S_n=int_0^pi[ln(sinx)]^ndx. (1) The first few cases are given by S_1 = -piln2 (2) S_2 = ...

A method for finding roots which defines P_j(x)=(P(x))/((x-x_1)...(x-x_j)), (1) so the derivative is (2) One step of Newton's method can then be written as ...

Markov's theorem states that equivalent braids expressing the same link are mutually related by successive applications of two types of Markov moves. Markov's theorem is ...