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The symbol o(x), pronounced "little-O of x," is one of the Landau symbols and is used to symbolically express the asymptotic behavior of a given function. In particular, if n ...

There are no fewer than three distinct notions of the term local C^*-algebra used throughout functional analysis. A normed algebra A=(A,|·|_A) is said to be a local ...

A field which is complete with respect to a discrete valuation is called a local field if its field of residue classes is finite. The Hasse principle is one of the chief ...

Long division is an algorithm for dividing two numbers, obtaining the quotient one digit at a time. The example above shows how the division of 123456/17 is performed to ...

Machin's formula is given by 1/4pi=4cot^(-1)5-cot^(-1)239. There are a whole class of Machin-like formulas with various numbers of terms (although only four such formulas ...

If one looks inside a flat origami without unfolding it, one sees a zigzagged profile, determined by an alternation of "mountain-creases" and "valley-creases." The numbers of ...

Let x=(x_1,x_2,...,x_n) and y=(y_1,y_2,...,y_n) be nonincreasing sequences of real numbers. Then x majorizes y if, for each k=1, 2, ..., n, sum_(i=1)^kx_i>=sum_(i=1)^ky_i, ...

Call a graph vertex m(a,b,c) a median of a graph G if it lies on all shortest paths between each pair of vertices (a,b), (b,a), and (c,a) in G. A median graph is then defined ...

The Mephisto waltz sequence is defined by beginning with 0 and then iterating the maps 0->001 and 1->110. This gives 0, 001, 001001110, 001001110001001110110110001, ... (OEIS ...

The Mercator series, also called the Newton-Mercator series (Havil 2003, p. 33), is the Taylor series for the natural logarithm ln(1+x) = sum_(k=1)^(infty)((-1)^(k+1))/kx^k ...