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The Lorenz curve is used in economics and ecology to describe inequality in wealth or size. The Lorenz curve is a function of the cumulative proportion of ordered individuals ...

Measure theory is the study of measures. It generalizes the intuitive notions of length, area, and volume. The earliest and most important examples are Jordan measure and ...

A system of equation types obtained by generalizing the differential equation for the normal distribution (dy)/(dx)=(y(m-x))/a, (1) which has solution y=Ce^((2m-x)x/(2a)), ...

One of the four divisions of observations which have been grouped into four equal-sized sets based on their statistical rank. The quartile including the top statistically ...

Consider the Fibonacci-like recurrence a_n=+/-a_(n-1)+/-a_(n-2), (1) where a_0=0, a_1=1, and each sign is chosen independently and at random with probability 1/2. ...

Let N samples be taken from a population with central moments mu_n. The sample variance m_2 is then given by m_2=1/Nsum_(i=1)^N(x_i-m)^2, (1) where m=x^_ is the sample mean. ...

A correction which must be applied to the measured moments m_k obtained from normally distributed data which have been binned in order to obtain correct estimators mu^^_i for ...

The randomization of a deck of cards by repeated interleaving. More generally, a shuffle is a rearrangement of the elements in an ordered list. Shuffling by exactly ...

Sphere line picking is the selection of pairs of points corresponding to vertices of a line segment with endpoints on the surface of a sphere. n random line segments can be ...

Analysis of data ordered by the time the data were collected (usually spaced at equal intervals), called a time series. Common examples of a time series are daily temperature ...