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Let S_n be the set of permutations of {1, 2, ..., n}, and let sigma_t be the continuous time random walk on S_n that results when randomly chosen transpositions are performed ...

The box fractal is a fractal also called the anticross-stitch curve which can be constructed using string rewriting beginning with a cell [1] and iterating the rules {0->[0 0 ...

One of the symbols { and } used in many different contexts in mathematics. Braces are used 1. To denote grouping of mathematical terms, usually as the outermost delimiter in ...

Various forms of opening and closing bracket-like delimiters are used for a number of distinct notational purposes in mathematics. The most common variants of bracket ...

Consider a broadcast scheme on a connected graph from an originator vertex v in a graph G consisting of a sequence of parallel calls starting from v. In each time step, every ...

If n=1,2 (mod 4), and the squarefree part of n is divisible by a prime p=3 (mod 4), then no difference set of order n exists. Equivalently, if a projective plane of order n ...

A hypothetic building design problem in optimization with constraints proposed by Bhatti (2000, pp. 3-5). To save energy costs for heating and cooling, an architect wishes to ...

The rank of a vector bundle is the dimension of its fiber. Equivalently, it is the maximum number of linearly independent local bundle sections in a trivialization. ...

The word canonical is used to indicate a particular choice from of a number of possible conventions. This convention allows a mathematical object or class of objects to be ...

Let A and B be any sets with empty intersection, and let |X| denote the cardinal number of a set X. Then |A|+|B|=|A union B| (Ciesielski 1997, p. 68; Dauben 1990, p. 173; ...