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A system of curvilinear coordinates in which two sets of coordinate surfaces are obtained by revolving the curves of the elliptic cylindrical coordinates about the x-axis, ...

A tree having four branches at each node. Quadtrees are used in the construction of some multidimensional databases (e.g., cartography, computer graphics, and image ...

Consider the Fibonacci-like recurrence a_n=+/-a_(n-1)+/-a_(n-2), (1) where a_0=0, a_1=1, and each sign is chosen independently and at random with probability 1/2. ...

The rectangle function Pi(x) is a function that is 0 outside the interval [-1/2,1/2] and unity inside it. It is also called the gate function, pulse function, or window ...

Consider the sequence defined by w_1=01 and w_(n+1)=w_nw_nw_n^R, where l^R denotes the reverse of a sequence l. The first few terms are then 01, 010110, 010110010110011010, ...

A Room square (named after T. G. Room) of order n (for n even) is an arrangement in an (n-1)×(n-1) square matrix of n objects such that each cell is either empty or holds ...

In the most commonly used convention (e.g., Apostol 1967, pp. 205-207), the second fundamental theorem of calculus, also termed "the fundamental theorem, part II" (e.g., ...

The Sierpiński carpet is the fractal illustrated above which may be constructed analogously to the Sierpiński sieve, but using squares instead of triangles. It can be ...

A process of successively crossing out members of a list according to a set of rules such that only some remain. The best known sieve is the sieve of Eratosthenes for ...

A simplex, sometimes called a hypertetrahedron (Buekenhout and Parker 1998), is the generalization of a tetrahedral region of space to n dimensions. The boundary of a ...