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An algebraic loop L is a Moufang loop if all triples of elements x, y, and z in L satisfy the Moufang identities, i.e., if 1. z(x(zy))=((zx)z)y, 2. x(z(yz))=((xz)y)z, 3. ...

What is the longest ladder that can be moved around a right-angled hallway of unit width? For a straight, rigid ladder, the answer is 2sqrt(2), which allows the ladder to ...

Let g(x_1,...,x_n,y) be a function such that for any x_1, ..., x_n, there is at least one y such that g(x_1,...,x_n,y)=0. Then the mu-operator muy(g(x_1,...,x_n,y)=0) gives ...

"Much greater" is used to indicate a strong inequality in which a is not only greater than b, but much greater (by some convention), is denoted a>>b. For an astronomer, ...

An optical illusion in which the orientation of arrowheads makes one line segment look longer than another. In the above figure, the line segments on the left and right are ...

A Münchhausen number (sometimes spelled Münchausen number, with a single 'h') is a number equal to the sum of its digits raised to each digit's power. Münchhausen numbers ...

Müntz's theorem is a generalization of the Weierstrass approximation theorem, which states that any continuous function on a closed and bounded interval can be uniformly ...

Symbols used to identify irreducible representations of groups: A= singly degenerate state which is symmetric with respect to rotation about the principal C_n axis, B= singly ...

Two integers n and m<n are (alpha,beta)-multiamicable if sigma(m)-m=alphan and sigma(n)-n=betam, where sigma(n) is the divisor function and alpha,beta are positive integers. ...

The number of multisets of length k on n symbols is sometimes termed "n multichoose k," denoted ((n; k)) by analogy with the binomial coefficient (n; k). n multichoose k is ...