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The simple process of voting leads to surprisingly counterintuitive paradoxes. For example, if three people vote for three candidates, giving the rankings A, B, C; B, C, A; ...

The weak law of large numbers (cf. the strong law of large numbers) is a result in probability theory also known as Bernoulli's theorem. Let X_1, ..., X_n be a sequence of ...

Koh et al. (1980) and Gallian (2007) define a web graph as a stacked prism graph Y_(n+1,3) with the edges of the outer cycle removed. Web graphs are graceful. Precomputed ...

The term "wedge" has a number of different meanings in mathematics. It is sometimes used as another name for the caret symbol. The term also refers to the notation ( ^ ) used ...

A well-covered graph is a graph for which every minimal vertex cover has the same size, which is equivalent to every maximal independent vertex set being the same size. It is ...

Let L be a finite-dimensional split semisimple Lie algebra over a field of field characteristic 0, H a splitting Cartan subalgebra, and Lambda a weight of H in a ...

Let (K,L) be a pair consisting of finite, connected CW-complexes where L is a subcomplex of K. Define the associated chain complex C(K,L) group-wise for each p by setting ...

Let V be a real symmetric matrix of large order N having random elements v_(ij) that for i<=j are independently distributed with equal densities, equal second moments m^2, ...

Let a piecewise smooth function f with only finitely many discontinuities (which are all jumps) be defined on [-pi,pi] with Fourier series a_k = 1/piint_(-pi)^pif(t)cos(kt)dt ...

A Wilson prime is a prime satisfying W(p)=0 (mod p), where W(p) is the Wilson quotient, or equivalently, (p-1)!=-1 (mod p^2). The first few Wilson primes are 5, 13, and 563 ...