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A simple polyhedron, also called a simplicial polyhedron, is a polyhedron that is topologically equivalent to a sphere (i.e., if it were inflated, it would produce a sphere) ...

The simplex method is a method for solving problems in linear programming. This method, invented by George Dantzig in 1947, tests adjacent vertices of the feasible set (which ...

Slovin's formula, somtimes also spelled "Sloven's forumula (e.g., Altares et al. 2003, p. 13), is an ad hoc formula lacking mathematical rigor (Ryan 2013) that gives an ...

Taking a connected graph or network with a high graph diameter and adding a very small number of edges randomly, the diameter tends to drop drastically. This is known as the ...

The Soifer graph, illustrated above in a number of embeddings, is a planar graph on 9 nodes that tangles the Kempe chains in Kempe's algorithm and thus provides an example of ...

A prime p is said to be a Sophie Germain prime if both p and 2p+1 are prime. The first few Sophie Germain primes are 2, 3, 5, 11, 23, 29, 41, 53, 83, 89, 113, 131, ... (OEIS ...

Sorting is the rearrangement of numbers (or other orderable objects) in a list into their correct lexographic order. Alphabetization is therefore a form of sorting. Because ...

A square matrix U is a special unitary matrix if UU^*=I, (1) where I is the identity matrix and U^* is the conjugate transpose matrix, and the determinant is detU=1. (2) The ...

"The" square graphs is the cycle graph C_4. It is isomorphic to the complete bipartite graph K_(2,2). Like all cycle graphs, the line graph of C_4 is isomorphic to itself. A ...

A matrix for which horizontal and vertical dimensions are the same (i.e., an n×n matrix). A matrix m may be tested to determine if it is square in Wolfram Language using ...