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The mutual information between two discrete random variables X and Y is defined to be I(X;Y)=sum_(x in X)sum_(y in Y)P(x,y)log_2((P(x,y))/(P(x)P(y))) (1) bits. Additional ...

Polyrhombs are polyforms obtained from a rhombic grid, illustrated above. The numbers of polyrhombs with n=1, 2, ... components are 1, 1, 3, 7, 20, 62, 204, ... (OEIS ...

A forest is an acyclic graph (i.e., a graph without any graph cycles). Forests therefore consist only of (possibly disconnected) trees, hence the name "forest." Examples of ...

A map projection. The inverse equations for phi are computed by iteration. Let the angle of the projection plane be theta_b. Define a={0 for theta_b=1/2pi; ...

The evolute of Cayley's sextic with parametrization x = 4acos^3(1/3theta)cost (1) y = 4acos^3(1/3theta)sint (2) is given by x_e = 1/4[2+3cos(2/3t)-cos(2t)] (3) y_e = ...

A map projection with transformation equations x = rhosintheta (1) y = rho_0-rhocostheta, (2) where rho = (G-phi) (3) theta = n(lambda-lambda_0) (4) rho_0 = (G-phi_0) (5) G = ...

The polyhedron compound consisting of the cuboctahedron and its dual, the rhombic dodecahedron, illustrated in the left figure above. The right figure shows the solid common ...

A divergenceless vector field, also called a solenoidal field, is a vector field for which del ·F=0. Therefore, there exists a G such that F=del xG. Furthermore, F can be ...

The involute of an ellipse specified parametrically by x = acost (1) y = bsint (2) is given by the parametric equations x_i = ...

E(a,b)/p denotes the elliptic group modulo p whose elements are 1 and infty together with the pairs of integers (x,y) with 0<=x,y<p satisfying y^2=x^3+ax+b (mod p) (1) with a ...