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Gives a matrix representation b_i of a braid group in terms of (n-1)×(n-1) matrices. A -t always appears in the (i,i) position. b_1 = [-t 0 0 ... 0; -1 1 0 ... 0; 0 0 1 ... ...

A C^infty function is a function that is differentiable for all degrees of differentiation. For instance, f(x)=e^(2x) (left figure above) is C^infty because its nth ...

The curve which is the envelope of reflected (catacaustic) or refracted (diacaustic) rays of a given curve for a light source at a given point (known as the radiant point).

The parameters alpha, beta, gamma, and delta which, like the three Euler angles, provide a way to uniquely characterize the orientation of a solid body. These parameters ...

The central beta function is defined by beta(p)=B(p,p), (1) where B(p,q) is the beta function. It satisfies the identities beta(p) = 2^(1-2p)B(p,1/2) (2) = ...

The orthogonal polynomials defined by c_n^((mu))(x) = _2F_0(-n,-x;;-mu^(-1)) (1) = ((-1)^n)/(mu^n)(x-n+1)_n_1F_1(-n;x-n+1;mu), (2) where (x)_n is the Pochhammer symbol ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula for numerical estimation of integrals. It uses weighting function W(x)=1 in the interval [-1,1] and forces all the weights to be equal. The ...

The chi distribution with n degrees of freedom is the distribution followed by the square root of a chi-squared random variable. For n=1, the chi distribution is a ...

A chordless graph is a simple graph possessing no chords. A chordal graph (which possesses no chordless cycles) is not the same as (or converse of) a chordless graph (which ...

The Church-Rosser theorem states that lambda calculus as a reduction system with lambda conversion rules satisfies the Church-Rosser property.