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A set R of linear extensions of a partially ordered set P=(X,<=) is a realizer of P (and is said to realize P) provided that for all x,y in X, x<=y iff x is below y in every ...

A pair of consecutive primes whose digits are rearrangements of each other, first considered by A. Edwards in Aug. 2001. The first few are (1913, 1931), (18379, 18397), ...

The plane spanned by the tangent vector T and binormal vector B.

A reduced root system is a root system R satisfying the additional property that, if alpha in R, then the only multiples of alpha in R are +/-alpha.

The reflexive closure of a binary relation R on a set X is the minimal reflexive relation R^' on X that contains R. Thus aR^'a for every element a of X and aR^'b for distinct ...

The reflexive reduction of a binary relation R on a set X is the minimum relation R^' on X with the same reflexive closure as R. Thus aR^'b for any elements a and b of X, ...

An area-minimizing surface (rectifiable current) bounded by a smooth curve in R^3 is a smooth submanifold with boundary.

The relative rate of change of a function f(x) is the ratio if its derivative to itself, namely R(f(x))=(f^'(x))/(f(x)).

Rényi's polynomial is the polynomial (Rényi 1947, Coppersmith and Davenport 1991) that has 29 terms and whose square has 28, making it a sparse polynomial square.

In a local ring R, there is only one maximal ideal m. Hence, R has only one quotient ring R/m which is a field. This field is called the residue field.