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The constant e is base of the natural logarithm. e is sometimes known as Napier's constant, although its symbol (e) honors Euler. e is the unique number with the property ...

Module multiplicity is a number associated with every nonzero finitely generated graded module M over a graded ring R for which the Hilbert series is defined. If dim(M)=d, ...

König's line coloring theorem states that the edge chromatic number of any bipartite graph equals its maximum vertex degree. In other words, every bipartite graph is a class ...

The prime counting function is the function pi(x) giving the number of primes less than or equal to a given number x (Shanks 1993, p. 15). For example, there are no primes ...

A random number generator produced by iterating X_(n+1)=|100lnX_n (mod 1)| for a seed X_0=0.1. This simple generator passes the noise sphere test for randomness by showing no ...

The heptanacci constant is the limiting ratio of adjacent heptanacci numbers. It is the algebraic number P = (x^7-x^6-x^5-x^4-x^3-x^2-x-1)_1 (1) = 1.99196419660... (2) (OEIS ...

The pentanacci constant is the limiting ratio of adjacent pentanacci numbers. It is the algebraic number P = (x^5-x^4-x^3-x^2-x-1)_1 (1) = 1.96594823... (2) (OEIS A103814), ...

Find a way to stack a square of cannonballs laid out on the ground into a square pyramid (i.e., find a square number which is also square pyramidal). This corresponds to ...

An n×n Latin square is a Latin rectangle with k=n. Specifically, a Latin square consists of n sets of the numbers 1 to n arranged in such a way that no orthogonal (row or ...

Let U(P,Q) and V(P,Q) be Lucas sequences generated by P and Q, and define D=P^2-4Q. (1) Then {U_((n-(D/n))/2)=0 (mod n) when (Q/n)=1; V_((n-(D/n))/2)=D (mod n) when (Q/n)=-1, ...