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A relation "<=" is a partial order on a set S if it has: 1. Reflexivity: a<=a for all a in S. 2. Antisymmetry: a<=b and b<=a implies a=b. 3. Transitivity: a<=b and b<=c ...

According to G. Pólya, the method of finding geometric objects by intersection. 1. For example, the centers of all circles tangent to a straight line s at a given point P lie ...

A Pólya plot is a plot of the vector field of (R[f(z)],-I[f(z)]) of a complex function f(z). Several examples are shown above. Pólya plots can be created in the Wolfram ...

A formula of first-order logic is in prenex normal form if it is of the form Q_1x_1...Q_nx_nM, (1) where each Q_i is a quantifier forall ("for all") or exists ("exists") and ...

Consider a bivariate normal distribution in variables x and y with covariance rho=rho_(11)=<xy>-<x><y> (1) and an arbitrary function g(x,y). Then the expected value of the ...

The projective special unitary group PSU_n(q) is the group obtained from the special unitary group SU_n(q) on factoring by the scalar matrices contained in that group. ...

The path traced out by a fixed point at a radius b>a, where a is the radius of a rolling circle, also sometimes called an extended cycloid. The prolate cycloid contains ...

Quantile-quantile plots (also called q-q plots) are used to determine if two data sets come from populations with a common distribution. In such a plot, points are formed ...

Let U=(U,<··>) be a T2 associative inner product space over the field C of complex numbers with completion H, and assume that U comes with an antilinear involution xi|->xi^* ...

The binary quadratic form F=<a,b,c> is said to be reduced if the following conditions hold. Let D=b^2-4ac be the discriminant, then 1. If D is negative, F is reduced if ...