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The geometric centroid of a polyhedron composed of N triangular faces with vertices (a_i,b_i,c_i) can be computed using the curl theorem as x^_ = ...

A pseudoinverse is a matrix inverse-like object that may be defined for a complex matrix, even if it is not necessarily square. For any given complex matrix, it is possible ...

The quaternion group is one of the two non-Abelian groups of the five total finite groups of order 8. It is formed by the quaternions +/-1, +/-i, +/-j, and +/-k , denoted Q_8 ...

A random variable is a measurable function from a probability space (S,S,P) into a measurable space (S^',S^') known as the state space (Doob 1996). Papoulis (1984, p. 88) ...

A system in which words (expressions) of a formal language can be transformed according to a finite set of rewrite rules is called a reduction system. While reduction systems ...

Building on work of Huntington (1933ab), Robbins conjectured that the equations for a Robbins algebra, commutativity, associativity, and the Robbins axiom !(!(x v y) v !(x v ...

The S distribution is defined in terms of its distribution function F(x) as the solution to the initial value problem (dF)/(dx)=alpha(F^g-F^h), where F(x_0)=F_0 (Savageau ...

Sigma is the eighteenth letter of the ancient Greek alphabet. As an upper case letter (Sigma), it is used as a symbol for sums and series. As a lower case letter (sigma) it ...

In floating-point arithmetic, the significand is a component of a finite floating-point number containing its significant digits. Generally speaking, the significand can be ...

Two complex measures mu and nu on a measure space X, are mutually singular if they are supported on different subsets. More precisely, X=A union B where A and B are two ...