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The chromatic number of a graph G is the smallest number of colors needed to color the vertices of G so that no two adjacent vertices share the same color (Skiena 1990, p. ...

The Gaussian joint variable theorem, also called the multivariate theorem, states that given an even number of variates from a normal distribution with means all 0, (1) etc. ...

The number of alternating permutations for n elements is sometimes called an Euler zigzag number. Denote the number of alternating permutations on n elements for which the ...

A superabundant number is a composite number n such that sigma(n)/n>sigma(k)/k for all k<n, where sigma(n) is the divisor function. Superabundant numbers are closely related ...

A number n is called an e-perfect number if sigma_e(n)=2n, where sigma_e(n) is the sum of the e-Divisors of n. If m is squarefree, then sigma_e(m)=m. As a result, if n is ...

There are two distinct entities both known as the Lagrange number. The more common one arises in rational approximation theory (Conway and Guy 1996), while the other refers ...

A composite number defined analogously to a Smith number except that the sum of the number's digits equals the sum of the digits of its distinct prime factors (excluding 1). ...

The (lower) irredundance number ir(G) of a graph G is the minimum size of a maximal irredundant set of vertices in G. The upper irredundance number is defined as the maximum ...

A Mersenne number is a number of the form M_n=2^n-1, (1) where n is an integer. The Mersenne numbers consist of all 1s in base-2, and are therefore binary repunits. The first ...

A Goldbach number is a positive integer that is the sum of two odd primes (Li 1999). Let E(x) (the "exceptional set of Goldbach numbers") denote the number of even numbers ...