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Let A be an n×n real square matrix with n>=2 such that |sum_(i=1)^nsum_(j=1)^na_(ij)s_it_j|<=1 (1) for all real numbers s_1, s_2, ..., s_n and t_1, t_2, ..., t_n such that ...

The Walsh functions consist of trains of square pulses (with the allowed states being -1 and 1) such that transitions may only occur at fixed intervals of a unit time step, ...

A k×n Latin rectangle is a k×n matrix with elements a_(ij) in {1,2,...,n} such that entries in each row and column are distinct. If k=n, the special case of a Latin square ...

The word adjoint has a number of related meanings. In linear algebra, it refers to the conjugate transpose and is most commonly denoted A^(H). The analogous concept applied ...

For a general two-player zero-sum game, max_(i<=m)min_(j<=n)a_(ij)<=min_(j<=n)max_(i<=m)a_(ij). If the two are equal, then write ...

The global clustering coefficient C of a graph G is the ratio of the number of closed trails of length 3 to the number of paths of length two in G. Let A be the adjacency ...

The circumference of a graph is the length of any longest cycle in a graph. Hamiltonian graphs on n>1 vertices therefore have circumference of n. For a cyclic graph, the ...

The mean distance of a (connected) graph is the mean of the elements of its graph distance matrix. Closed forms for some classes of named graphs are given in the following ...

The pathwidth of a graph G, also called the interval thickness, vertex separation number, and node searching number, is one less than the size of the largest set in a path ...

Define psi(x)={1 0<=x<1/2; -1 1/2<x<=1; 0 otherwise (1) and psi_(jk)(x)=psi(2^jx-k) (2) for j a nonnegative integer and 0<=k<=2^j-1. So, for example, the first few values of ...