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The term "square" can be used to mean either a square number ("x^2 is the square of x") or a geometric figure consisting of a convex quadrilateral with sides of equal length ...

Operations research is a vast branch of mathematics which encompasses many diverse areas of minimization and optimization. Thousands of books have been written worldwide on ...

The most general forced form of the Duffing equation is x^..+deltax^.+(betax^3+/-omega_0^2x)=gammacos(omegat+phi). (1) Depending on the parameters chosen, the equation can ...

A magic cube is an n×n×n version of a magic square in which the n^2 rows, n^2 columns, n^2 pillars, and four space diagonals each sum to a single number M_3(n) known as the ...

An addition-multiplication square is a square of integers that is simultaneously a magic square and multiplication magic square. In 1955, Horner found a square of order eight ...

Dots and boxes is a two-person game based on a rectangular lattice of points. Each player, in turn, draws a horizontal or vertical line connecting two adjacent points. ...

In 1638, Fermat proposed that every positive integer is a sum of at most three triangular numbers, four square numbers, five pentagonal numbers, and n n-polygonal numbers. ...

A theorem, also known as Bachet's conjecture, which Bachet inferred from a lack of a necessary condition being stated by Diophantus. It states that every positive integer can ...

The term "(a,b)-leaper" (sometimes explicitly called a "single-pattern leaper") describes a fairy chess piece such as a knight that may make moves which simultaneously change ...

By analogy with the outer Napoleon triangle, consider the external erection of three squares on the sides of a triangle DeltaABC. These centers form a triangle DeltaO_AO_BO_C ...