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A path in the complex plane over which contour integration is performed to compute a contour integral. When choosing a contour to evaluate an integral on the real line, a ...

Define the correlation integral as C(epsilon)=lim_(N->infty)1/(N^2)sum_(i,j=1; i!=j)^inftyH(epsilon-|x_i-x_j|), (1) where H is the Heaviside step function. When the below ...

An order-n Costas array is a permutation on {1,...,n} such that the distances in each row of the triangular difference table are distinct. For example, the permutation ...

Consider the distribution of distances l between a point picked at random in the interior of a unit cube and on a face of the cube. The probability function, illustrated ...

A sophisticated checksum (often abbreviated CRC), which is based on the algebra of polynomials over the integers (mod 2). It is substantially more reliable in detecting ...

Let P=alpha:beta:gamma be a point not on a sideline of a reference triangle DeltaABC. Let A^' be the point of intersection AP intersection BC, B^'=BP intersection AC, and ...

A figurate number of the form 4n^2-3n. The first few are 1, 10, 27, 52, 85, ... (OEIS A001107). The generating function giving the decagonal numbers is ...

The decimal period of a repeating decimal is the number of digits that repeat. For example, 1/3=0.3^_ has decimal period one, 1/11=0.09^_ has decimal period two, and ...

Numbers which are not perfect and for which s(N)=sigma(N)-N<N, or equivalently sigma(n)<2n, where sigma(N) is the divisor function. Deficient numbers are sometimes called ...

The Delannoy numbers D(a,b) are the number of lattice paths from (0,0) to (b,a) in which only east (1, 0), north (0, 1), and northeast (1, 1) steps are allowed (i.e., ->, ^, ...