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While the Catalan numbers are the number of p-good paths from (n,n) to (0,0) which do not cross the diagonal line, the super Catalan numbers count the number of lattice paths ...

The treewidth is a measure of the count of original graph vertices mapped onto any tree vertex in an optimal tree decomposition. Determining the treewidth of an arbitrary ...

A twin Pythagorean triple is a Pythagorean triple (a,b,c) for which two values are consecutive integers. By definition, twin triplets are therefore primitive triples. Of the ...

A connection on a vector bundle pi:E->M is a way to "differentiate" bundle sections, in a way that is analogous to the exterior derivative df of a function f. In particular, ...

A vector derivative is a derivative taken with respect to a vector field. Vector derivatives are extremely important in physics, where they arise throughout fluid mechanics, ...

n weighings are sufficient to find a bad coin among (3^n-1)/2 coins (Steinhaus 1999, p. 61). vos Savant (1993) gives an algorithm for finding a bad ball among 12 balls in ...

Iff p is a prime, then (p-1)!+1 is a multiple of p, that is (p-1)!=-1 (mod p). (1) This theorem was proposed by John Wilson and published by Waring (1770), although it was ...

Two or more lines are said to be concurrent if they intersect in a single point. Two lines concur if their trilinear coordinates satisfy |l_1 m_1 n_1; l_2 m_2 n_2; l_3 m_3 ...

The plane determined by the points x_1, x_2, and x_3 and the line passing through the points x_4 and x_5 intersect in a point which can be determined by solving the four ...

The Wythoff array is an interspersion array that can be constructed by beginning with the Fibonacci numbers {F_2,F_3,F_4,F_5,...} in the first row and then building up ...